Buffalo Feeding & Nutrition
Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) are the backbone of Indian dairy. This hub gathers our buffalo nutrition articles by life stage.
Calf
Mineral Mixture for Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mineral mixture for Indian dairy: NDDB-prescribed formulation, function of each mineral, daily dose for milch animals and calves, area-specific products, and quality checks.
Wheat Bran (Gehu Chokar) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to wheat bran (gehu chokar) in Indian cattle feed: the three types (fine, super fine, coarse), 15% protein, why wheat bran is losing share to DORB in pellets, regional price and form variations.
Soybean Meal in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to soybean meal in Indian cattle feed: the three grades (45/48/50% protein), BIS quality standards, inclusion rates for cow, buffalo, sheep, and goat, and where it is sourced in India.
Maize as Cattle Feed
Complete guide to maize in Indian cattle feed: protein and starch profile, the 10–35% inclusion rate, moisture and aflatoxin limits, acidosis prevention, processing, and storage.
Cotton Seed Cake in Cattle Feed (Binola Khal)
Complete guide to cotton seed cake (binola khal) in Indian cattle feed: 22% protein and 12-14% fat for premium grade, gossypol tolerance, inclusion rates, thin vs thick shapes, and price dynamics.
Calf Starter Feed: Complete Guide from Birth to Weaning
Complete guide to calf starter feed in Indian dairy: colostrum, milk feeding schedule, BIS Type-1 specifications, why no urea for calves, weaning age, and common feeding mistakes.
Calf Diarrhoea (Scouring): Causes, Treatment & Prevention
Complete guide to calf scouring in Indian dairy: nutritional vs infectious causes, dehydration danger, ORS and electrolyte treatment, when to use antibiotics, and prevention through colostrum and hygiene.
Compound Cattle Feed in India — BIS Type 1 vs Type 2
Complete guide to compound cattle feed in India: BIS IS:2052 Type 1 and Type 2 specifications, why feed is sold in pellet form, the 20% protein labelling rule, and how to choose.
Heifer
Mineral Mixture for Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mineral mixture for Indian dairy: NDDB-prescribed formulation, function of each mineral, daily dose for milch animals and calves, area-specific products, and quality checks.
Wheat Bran (Gehu Chokar) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to wheat bran (gehu chokar) in Indian cattle feed: the three types (fine, super fine, coarse), 15% protein, why wheat bran is losing share to DORB in pellets, regional price and form variations.
Soybean Meal in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to soybean meal in Indian cattle feed: the three grades (45/48/50% protein), BIS quality standards, inclusion rates for cow, buffalo, sheep, and goat, and where it is sourced in India.
Maize as Cattle Feed
Complete guide to maize in Indian cattle feed: protein and starch profile, the 10–35% inclusion rate, moisture and aflatoxin limits, acidosis prevention, processing, and storage.
De-Oiled Rice Bran (DORB) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to DORB in Indian cattle feed: nutrition (16-17% CP, 12-14% CF), why it is the main raw material for compound feed pellets, BIS aflatoxin limit, adulteration tests, and inclusion rates.
Cotton Seed Cake in Cattle Feed (Binola Khal)
Complete guide to cotton seed cake (binola khal) in Indian cattle feed: 22% protein and 12-14% fat for premium grade, gossypol tolerance, inclusion rates, thin vs thick shapes, and price dynamics.
Lactating
Mineral Mixture for Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mineral mixture for Indian dairy: NDDB-prescribed formulation, function of each mineral, daily dose for milch animals and calves, area-specific products, and quality checks.
Bypass Protein in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to bypass protein in Indian dairy: bypass soybean DOC vs bypass mustard DOC, RUP/RDP fractions, PDIN/PDIE values, dosing by milk yield, and ROI for high-yielding cows and buffalo.
Bypass Fat in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to bypass fat (rumen-protected fat) in Indian cattle feed: prilled hydrogenated vs calcium soap types, analytical specs, dosing by milk yield, when to use, and ROI.
Wheat Bran (Gehu Chokar) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to wheat bran (gehu chokar) in Indian cattle feed: the three types (fine, super fine, coarse), 15% protein, why wheat bran is losing share to DORB in pellets, regional price and form variations.
Soybean Meal in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to soybean meal in Indian cattle feed: the three grades (45/48/50% protein), BIS quality standards, inclusion rates for cow, buffalo, sheep, and goat, and where it is sourced in India.
Mustard Cake (Sarson Khal) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mustard cake (sarson khal) in Indian cattle feed: 28-32% protein, expeller vs solvent-extracted types, glucosinolate limits, Rajasthan as the production hub, and the feed-vs-fertilizer dual market.
Maize DDGS, Rice DDGS and Maize DOC in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to DDGS in Indian cattle feed: Maize DDGS (28-30% protein, 8-10% fat), Rice DDGS (45% protein), Maize DOC (de-oiled, <2% fat). What different DDGS colours mean for quality, the critical aflatoxin risk, and inclusion rates.
Maize as Cattle Feed
Complete guide to maize in Indian cattle feed: protein and starch profile, the 10–35% inclusion rate, moisture and aflatoxin limits, acidosis prevention, processing, and storage.
Groundnut Cake (Mungphali Khal) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to groundnut cake (mungphali khal) in Indian cattle feed: 38-45% protein, coin-shape sizing convention, the critical aflatoxin risk, BIS limits, Gujarat as the Saurashtra production hub, and inclusion rates.
De-Oiled Rice Bran (DORB) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to DORB in Indian cattle feed: nutrition (16-17% CP, 12-14% CF), why it is the main raw material for compound feed pellets, BIS aflatoxin limit, adulteration tests, and inclusion rates.
Cotton Seed Cake in Cattle Feed (Binola Khal)
Complete guide to cotton seed cake (binola khal) in Indian cattle feed: 22% protein and 12-14% fat for premium grade, gossypol tolerance, inclusion rates, thin vs thick shapes, and price dynamics.
Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for Dairy Cattle
Complete guide to Total Mixed Ration (TMR) in Indian dairy: what TMR is, why it matters, how to formulate one, sample lactating buffalo TMR in kg, particle size, moisture, and common mistakes.
Silage Making for Cattle: Complete Guide
Complete guide to silage making for Indian dairy: what silage is, the maize silage process, moisture and chop length targets, sealing, fermentation stages, additives, quality checks, and common mistakes.
Milk Fever (Hypocalcaemia) in Dairy Cattle: Causes, Treatment & Prevention
Simple guide to milk fever in dairy cattle and buffalo: why it happens after calving, three stages of symptoms, IV calcium treatment, and how to prevent it through proper dry-period feeding.
Hydroponic Green Fodder for Indian Dairy
Simple guide to hydroponic green fodder for Indian dairy: how to grow fresh green fodder from barley seeds in 7 days, setup cost, feeding rates, benefits, problems, and is it worth it for your farm.
Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle: How to Manage Summer in India
Simple guide to managing summer heat stress in Indian dairy cattle and buffalo: signs to watch for, cooling methods (shade, fans, sprinklers, wallowing), feed changes, and how to keep milk yield steady in May-June.
Feeding Lactating Buffalo: Complete Ration Guide
How to feed a lactating buffalo: dry matter intake, energy and protein targets, the fat advantage over cows, a sample ration in kg per day, bypass fat use, and breed-specific notes.
Acidosis in Dairy Cattle: Causes, Prevention & Treatment
Complete guide to rumen acidosis in dairy cattle: why maize-heavy rations cause it, milk fat depression as the early warning, prevention with sodium bicarbonate (meetha soda) buffer, and treatment for clinical cases.
Compound Cattle Feed in India — BIS Type 1 vs Type 2
Complete guide to compound cattle feed in India: BIS IS:2052 Type 1 and Type 2 specifications, why feed is sold in pellet form, the 20% protein labelling rule, and how to choose.
Dry
Mineral Mixture for Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mineral mixture for Indian dairy: NDDB-prescribed formulation, function of each mineral, daily dose for milch animals and calves, area-specific products, and quality checks.
Wheat Bran (Gehu Chokar) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to wheat bran (gehu chokar) in Indian cattle feed: the three types (fine, super fine, coarse), 15% protein, why wheat bran is losing share to DORB in pellets, regional price and form variations.
Soybean Meal in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to soybean meal in Indian cattle feed: the three grades (45/48/50% protein), BIS quality standards, inclusion rates for cow, buffalo, sheep, and goat, and where it is sourced in India.
Mustard Cake (Sarson Khal) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mustard cake (sarson khal) in Indian cattle feed: 28-32% protein, expeller vs solvent-extracted types, glucosinolate limits, Rajasthan as the production hub, and the feed-vs-fertilizer dual market.
Maize DDGS, Rice DDGS and Maize DOC in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to DDGS in Indian cattle feed: Maize DDGS (28-30% protein, 8-10% fat), Rice DDGS (45% protein), Maize DOC (de-oiled, <2% fat). What different DDGS colours mean for quality, the critical aflatoxin risk, and inclusion rates.
Maize as Cattle Feed
Complete guide to maize in Indian cattle feed: protein and starch profile, the 10–35% inclusion rate, moisture and aflatoxin limits, acidosis prevention, processing, and storage.
Groundnut Cake (Mungphali Khal) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to groundnut cake (mungphali khal) in Indian cattle feed: 38-45% protein, coin-shape sizing convention, the critical aflatoxin risk, BIS limits, Gujarat as the Saurashtra production hub, and inclusion rates.
De-Oiled Rice Bran (DORB) in Cattle Feed
Complete guide to DORB in Indian cattle feed: nutrition (16-17% CP, 12-14% CF), why it is the main raw material for compound feed pellets, BIS aflatoxin limit, adulteration tests, and inclusion rates.
Cotton Seed Cake in Cattle Feed (Binola Khal)
Complete guide to cotton seed cake (binola khal) in Indian cattle feed: 22% protein and 12-14% fat for premium grade, gossypol tolerance, inclusion rates, thin vs thick shapes, and price dynamics.
Silage Making for Cattle: Complete Guide
Complete guide to silage making for Indian dairy: what silage is, the maize silage process, moisture and chop length targets, sealing, fermentation stages, additives, quality checks, and common mistakes.
Milk Fever (Hypocalcaemia) in Dairy Cattle: Causes, Treatment & Prevention
Simple guide to milk fever in dairy cattle and buffalo: why it happens after calving, three stages of symptoms, IV calcium treatment, and how to prevent it through proper dry-period feeding.
Hydroponic Green Fodder for Indian Dairy
Simple guide to hydroponic green fodder for Indian dairy: how to grow fresh green fodder from barley seeds in 7 days, setup cost, feeding rates, benefits, problems, and is it worth it for your farm.
Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle: How to Manage Summer in India
Simple guide to managing summer heat stress in Indian dairy cattle and buffalo: signs to watch for, cooling methods (shade, fans, sprinklers, wallowing), feed changes, and how to keep milk yield steady in May-June.
Dry Cow Management: Complete Guide for Indian Dairy
Simple guide to managing dry cows and buffaloes in the 60 days before calving: when to dry off, how to dry off, two-phase feeding, milk fever prevention, common mistakes, and why this period determines next lactation.
Pregnant
Mineral Mixture for Cattle Feed
Complete guide to mineral mixture for Indian dairy: NDDB-prescribed formulation, function of each mineral, daily dose for milch animals and calves, area-specific products, and quality checks.
Milk Fever (Hypocalcaemia) in Dairy Cattle: Causes, Treatment & Prevention
Simple guide to milk fever in dairy cattle and buffalo: why it happens after calving, three stages of symptoms, IV calcium treatment, and how to prevent it through proper dry-period feeding.
Heat Stress in Dairy Cattle: How to Manage Summer in India
Simple guide to managing summer heat stress in Indian dairy cattle and buffalo: signs to watch for, cooling methods (shade, fans, sprinklers, wallowing), feed changes, and how to keep milk yield steady in May-June.
Dry Cow Management: Complete Guide for Indian Dairy
Simple guide to managing dry cows and buffaloes in the 60 days before calving: when to dry off, how to dry off, two-phase feeding, milk fever prevention, common mistakes, and why this period determines next lactation.
